Could biochar be the ultimate climate solution? This form of charcoal, made through a process called pyrolysis, could be the key to sequestering carbon and improving soil health. Biochar particles are incredibly porous, creating nooks and crannies that hold onto excess nutrients, water, and microbes.
Adding biochar to fields can reduce nitrogen and phosphorus runoff that pollutes waterways, help soil retain moisture in drought-stricken areas, and stimulate microbial activity. Most importantly, biochar is one of the most stable, long-lasting forms of carbon available. In the right conditions, it can last hundreds—and even thousands—of years, potentially holding on to significant amounts of carbon dioxide that would otherwise end up in the atmosphere. But there are limitations to biochar, and experts are calling for these to be addressed to realize its potential as an agricultural climate solution. This article explores the benefits and challenges of biochar, and how it could be used to fight climate change.
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